Ambassador Tien Pao-tai

Vignette 15

Manila (II)

 

At that time in the 1950’s, the Chinese and Filipino families did not socialize and there was very little inter-marriage. Both groups protectively segregated into their own social enclaves. My Filipina classmates preferred to talk in their native Tagalog outside the classroom which shut me out. As a 12-to-13-year-old girl just tenuously embarking on teen-hood, I felt isolated. Fortunately, in my sophomore year, I was selected to be our school paper's class reporter. A year later, I became senior editor. In my senior year, I was the yearbook editor. Perhaps hoping for a mention in my columns or interviews some of my classmates became more interested in me. I began to learn that there is influence in words. Still, there remained a polite gulf between us. In my latter high school years, 4 very lovely and intelligent Chinese girls joined my class: Barbara Tai, Polly Sycip, Theresa Tan and Julia Go. I particularly got along with the willowy Barbara and pixie-like Polly. Though we were dispersed into 3 separate sections, we would seek each other out to "hang out" during recess and sometimes meet up at dance parties. Except for Barbara, whose parents had immigrated from Shanghai many years earlier, they preferred to chat in Fukienese which I did not understand, but I kept busy writing for the school paper, and appearing in school plays in leading roles, my favorite being Portia in "The Merchant of Venice".

My Chinese classmates group photo in 1955.

 Barbara Tai, Polly Sycip, Julia Go and Theresa Tan

    My buddy, David Fang, son of Dr. and Mrs. I.C. Fang, had the use of his parents’ chauffeured car, and introduced me to the teenage world of the scions of the wealthy Chinese community. In June 1955, I attended my first dance party on their turf. The party was a mesmerizing scene out of Audrey Hepburn's film "Sabrina". The estate of the host was lined with chauffeured limousines, as many of the boys were still under the driving age of 17. Colored lights arabesqued across the parking lot from trees, pirouetting down a knoll to a basketball court converted to a dance floor.  Soft lit lanterns on poles glowed over the row of chairs positioned around the court for a couple hundred young high schoolers. Soft drinks were piled in icy tubs and food lavishly laid out on a buffet table. A professional disc jockey handled the music massaging the mood of the dancers from slow sway to blistering, gyrating rock and roll. Fortunate for me, the lithesome teenage daughter of our kind Filipino landlord, Socorro “Coty” Donato, had patiently coached me – a scrawny, awkward 13-year-old – to some level of agility on the dance floor. That June night, my first night on a dance floor, Coty would not have been disappointed in her student. 


1955 at St. Scholastica's school theater, junior year.



 Social pictures, 1955



From that first ‘debut’ on, my after-school social life became very busy. Every weekend, a party was held at another estate on patios, basketball courts, country clubs or poolside, each transformed into a twinkling fairyland for the evening. Mother decided that I had to take Austin to chaperone me to every party, not realizing that Austin failed to do as she likely expected and was otherwise buried nose deep in comic books with a coke in hand in a bedroom somewhere on the estate of the young host, emerging occasionally to sample the buffet or check in on me. Every now and then, Austin would walk up to me and my dance partner in the middle of the dance floor gesturing with his palms in some motion of signaling us to pull apart. One half step back by me, and he would typically retreat to his den of treats and we could return to our ‘cheek-to-cheek.’

 

On weekends, chauffeured cars would be lined down the block from the curb of our family home, rotating clusters of teenagers through our living room. Not once did my parents complain about the loss of their privacy or the cost of refreshments, they only asked to know the background and parentage of the visitors. As it turned out, my parents knew most of the parents; these teens were the second generation of the first generations of hardworking immigrant Fukienese Chinese who had ascended from rags to riches in banking, manufacturing or imports of foreign goods. Mother spent her hard-earned money on me buying bolts of fabric to take to the seamstress for flouncy petticoat dresses. We would thumb through magazines for a party dress pattern so that I would not look too shabby next to the elaborate outfits of the other girls who never wore the same dress twice to a party. But after the first heady months of parties, I decided that school work was more important and stopped taking phone calls on week nights and declined most parties except the most enticing. Instead, I chose to stay home, did homework, and worked on the school paper while listening to the popular radio stations that broadcast song dedications over the air. Some of my Filipina classmates became more attuned to how many dedications I racked up each night over how many of my grades were "A’s," or the journalistic quality of my school paper columns; these ‘qualifications’ lead to them socializing with me more at school. I was even invited to the birthday of a Filipina classmate which I found was not half as lavish as the Chinese social gatherings. Word transmitted quickly through the network of the 4 elite boys’ schools, and the next day I received calls from the Chinese boys gently chastising me for going to a Filipino party. Though the graceful Filipinos were even better dancers than the Chinese, and I came to appreciate their other qualities, I decided it would be poor judgment for me to cross that ethnic divide and never attended another Filipino party again.

 

By all appearances life was stable for me and my family in the Philippines. And then, in early 1956, Father, at work at the embassy, received an elegant, gilt-edged "Invitation to Invest in Freedomland" from a Filipino adventurer by the name of Tomas Cloma. Father's phenomenal memory and expert-level familiarity with geography alerted him that there could not be some other habitable island within the Spratly chain of islands and that “Freedomland” must in fact be Taiping Island (太平島), an ancient territory of China, which Cloma was trying to rename. Father fired off an urgent telegram to the home office for verification. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs replied immediately by telegram that the Nanjing Government records listed Taiping Island as the only habitable island within the Spratly Islands and under the sovereignty of China. Father perceived a significant ‘threat’ to China’s interests over the South China Seas which included Taiping Island in the chain of the Spratly Islands. A flurry of communications followed trying to resolve this issue between our government and the government of the Philippines.

 

In December 1955, Uncle Chow had been recalled from Manila to the Taipei home office and placed in the position of Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs. Chen Chi-Mai, the new ROC ambassador to the Philippines, instructed Father to manage the Taiping Island matter. It was fortuitous that Uncle Chow’s important position enabled him and Father to prioritize this issue to Foreign Minister George Yeh (葉公超).  Minister Yeh was quick to elevate this matter through the chain of command up to President Chiang.

 

On Aug. 22, the ROC dispatched 7 ROC naval vessels to the Taiping Island.  As Father pointed out, any military movement by ROC during the tense Taiwan Straits Crisis with the Mainland, 1954-58, had to be supported by the US Pacific Command and approved by the U.S. administration of President Dwight Eisenhower. The superpower of the USA navy quietly shadowed the 7 ROC vessels to Taiping Island.

 

In May 1956, I had begun college at Santo Thomas University. At Santo Thomas, to my great relief, I was not required to take Tagalog anymore. Even though I was a Chinese and the only non-Filipina among 100 girls, I was elected class president. Over the following months, I developed close friendships with the Filipinas and coalesced a tight knit group of girl friends to have lunch with and chit chat. We had subdivided ourselves into groups of "brains," "babes" or "babies" meaning the smart ones, the pretty ones and those more helpless. We promised to help each other in an informal sorority of sisterhood and often gathered for coaching from the "brains" on school work or advice on beauty trends or boys from the "babes." 

 

On my first day at Santo Thomas, I hurried into the lavatory and encountered a smell and row of unfamiliar urinals. Taken aback for a moment, being used to a girls only campus in high school, I realized that I now shared a campus with guys and had inadvertently wandered into “the men's room.” On the shared but segregated university campus, we females were not to speak to the males even as we passed each other in the hallways though we could hear each other through the walls of our single-gender classrooms. On the occasion of necessary interaction with the male students, as president of my class, I was the spokesperson and connection to the male freshmen class. My school and social life were for me, uncommonly harmonious. At Santo Thomas University, I finally felt at ease in both the Chinese and Filipino communities.

 

In the summer of 1956 when Father was recalled to the home office in Taipei, Father was gratified that in his last months of service in the Philippines, he had been able to help fulfill one last contribution to his country with the restoration of Taiping Island to the ROC. I loathed though leaving my newly established comfort zone. Unlike the previous peripatetic 12 years of hopping across 7 cities in 4 countries, I had spent 5 continuous years in one city in one country enjoying uninterrupted, fulfilling high school years and coming of age to college. I very much wanted to remain, but my parents were unable to support me staying on for college and I was unwilling to be married off, as some of my classmates had upon high school graduation, so I reluctantly packed up my belongings with a heavy heart.

 

My parents were extravagantly feted at a series of farewell parties by grateful 華僑 who recognized the fulsome efforts of both father and mother. I was also given a series of "despedida" (‘farewell’) parties by my friends and the fraternal associations who had voted me their "Muse." The airport was jammed with sad well wishers for my parents and me.

 

During the previous summer, the foremost Filipino artist Anita Magsaysay-Ho, cousin of President Ramon Magsaysay, had given my parents an oil portrait she painted of me as a 16-year-old. I was dressed in a white chi pao旗袍 with a red shawl over my shoulder, looking confidently into the eyes of the painter. In October 1956, as we boarded the plane for Taipei, I clutched that portrait as closely to me as the gift of the doll to me from my parents’ admirers when we left Nagasaki. We were off to yet another unknown destination and destiny and I certainly did not feel as self assured as the young woman seemed in Auntie Magsaysay-Ho’s portrait.


Parents, Austin and Philip during Father’s  2nd tenure in Manila

as charge affairs  and minister, 1964.

Parents with Foreign Minister Shen Chang-huan (沈昌煥),

his wife,  Ambassador Han Li-wu(杭立武),

 Liu Tsong-han (劉宗瀚), General  Ruan (阮將軍), during 1963-67 in Manila.

馬尼拉之二

在那個時代,華人和菲律賓人的社交活動彼此互不參與,通婚的事情更是少見。雙方面似乎都縮在自己同胞的圈子中,覺得井水不犯河水才是最安全的。我的菲律賓高中同學從來沒有人邀請我去她們家,而我也一直和她們保持距離,更何況她們在教室外交談時,幾乎都用我聽不懂得塔加祿語 (Tagalog)。高一時我被英文老師選出來當校訊的班級記者,後來還成了資深編輯,再來又當了年度紀念冊的編輯。有了這些「榮譽」之後,同學才漸漸對我比較友善,但我們之間還是有一道禮貌性的鴻溝。好在學校陸續進來四位華人女學生,雖然我們分在不同組,但是下課後常常一起出去玩。我除了忙著編校訊,還參加話劇演出,我最喜歡演的是莎士比亞「威尼斯商人」(The Merchant of Venice)裡面的波西亞 (Portia)

1955年夏天,父親負責處理太平島事件,這可能是他外交生涯中極為重要的事情之一。後來菲律賓政府承認南沙群島主權屬中華民國,但是在19566月,菲律賓人克洛瑪把太平島上中華民國國旗取下來,換上自己設計的白色信天翁旗幟,還把我們的國旗拿到大使館歸還,非常挑釁,當時華僑對此義憤填膺。822日,中華民國政府派出七艘軍艦將克洛瑪等人驅逐出太平島。父親說,當時這項軍事行動經過艾森豪總統准許,派遣第七艦隊司令官殷格索 (Stuart Ingersoll) 協助。事後,剛剛上任的陳大使光榮地接受了台灣民眾和新聞界的褒揚,整個過程中曾經盡心盡力的葉部長、周公使,以及父親似乎被忽略了。

近來南沙群島又成了熱門的議題。我問過父親,1955年到1956年時處理太平島事件時與外交部的電報往來或報告中,他是否具名,父親淡淡地回答:「外交部有外交部的規矩,我們和部裡溝通時通常不會按上個人的姓名。外交部的工作就是整個大使館或領事館的同仁大家一起完成的。」父親又說:「當時我就在那裡,也很幸運地見證了整個過程。因為至關重要,周公使指定我和另外七位同仁一起處理,你周伯伯和我都沒有想過要得到什麼表揚或榮譽。而且,政府的決策迅速、果斷,才是最大的因素,這應該歸功於周次長、葉部長,甚至總統。」父親還是以他一貫的態度含蓄說道:「為了國家政府,我做了我應該做的事。其他的都不過是虛榮罷了!」

到了1956年夏天父親被調離馬尼拉時,我已經在聖托瑪斯 (Santo Thomas) 大學就讀四個月了。這時我不用修塔加祿語,還被100位菲律賓同學選為班長。而且,我也開始交了一些要好的菲律賓朋友,甚至和幾個女生成了死黨,中午吃飯都在一起。校園裡雖然還是男女有別,即使在走廊與男生擦身而過都不能任意交談,但是偶爾當我們需要和男同學互動溝通時,身為班長的我就是代言人,負責和大一男生連繫。我的學校生活和社交生活才開始走上和諧平順之路啊!

我們在馬尼拉一待就是五年多,我在那裡完成了高中。但是父母實在無法資助我繼續留在菲律賓念大學,只好打包隨父母去台灣。華僑朋友知道我們要離開,紛紛舉辦豪華的歡送宴,我的朋友也接二連三為我辦惜別派對。最後媒體還做了報導,以至於我們搭機時,機場送行的人擠得滿滿的,盛情可感。

我們離開馬尼拉的前一年,菲律賓知名畫家安妮塔麥格塞塞-(Anita Magsaysay-Ho) 送給父母一幅畫,畫中人正是16歲的我。安妮塔是菲律賓總統拉蒙麥格塞塞(Ramon Magsaysay)的堂妹,拉蒙曾經是抗日游擊隊的領袖人物,當了總統之後被譽為「人民的總統」,而且是少數清廉的菲律賓政治人物。可惜他在1957年,第二任總統任期開始不久就墜機身亡。而安妮塔一直從事繪畫創作,是菲律賓現代主義的先驅。她在2012年過世,享年97歲。

在安妮塔的畫裡面,我穿著白色旗袍,肩上披著紅色圍巾,充滿信心的眼睛直視著畫畫的人。我們上飛機時,我緊緊抓著那幅畫,一如離開長崎時我的手緊緊抓著洋娃娃。我們全家即將前往另一個地方,我們的命運將會如何,我的心中忐忑不安,完全不像畫中的那個有自信的少女。

Tags: 馬尼拉,菲律賓,Manila,1950,Judith,田之雲